贪心
先记录每一个位置后面字母的第一个位置,以及出现次数,然后一位一位的构造字母,如果选了该字母后,后续字母可以满足约束条件,那么就合法。
#include#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f#define full(a, b) memset(a, b, sizeof a)#define FAST_IO ios::sync_with_stdio(false)using namespace std;typedef long long LL;inline int lowbit(int x){ return x & (-x); }inline int read(){ int ret = 0, w = 0; char ch = 0; while(!isdigit(ch)){ w |= ch == '-', ch = getchar(); } while(isdigit(ch)){ ret = (ret << 3) + (ret << 1) + (ch ^ 48); ch = getchar(); } return w ? -ret : ret;}inline int lcm(int a, int b){ return a / __gcd(a, b) * b; }template inline A fpow(A x, B p, C lyd){ A ans = 1; for(; p; p >>= 1, x = 1LL * x * x % lyd)if(p & 1)ans = 1LL * x * ans % lyd; return ans;}const int N = 100005;int k, nexts[N][26], freq[N][26], l[N], r[N], use[N];string s, ans;bool calc(int pos, int len){ int L = 0, R = 0; for(int i = 0; i < 26; i ++){ if(freq[pos][i] + use[i] < l[i]) return false; R += use[i] + min(r[i] - use[i], freq[pos][i]); // 每个字母在不超过约束条件的情况下最大能拿的数量 L += max(0, l[i] - use[i]); // 满足条件至少还需要拿的字母数 } if(R < k) return false; if(L > k - len) return false; return true;}int main(){ FAST_IO; while(cin >> s >> k){ for(int i = 0; i < 26; i ++) cin >> l[i] >> r[i]; full(nexts[s.size() - 1], -1), full(freq[s.size() - 1], 0), full(use, 0); ans.clear(); for(int i = s.size() - 2; i >= 0; i --){ for(int j = 0; j < 26; j ++){ nexts[i][j] = nexts[i + 1][j]; freq[i][j] = freq[i + 1][j]; } nexts[i][s[i + 1] - 'a'] = i + 1; freq[i][s[i + 1] - 'a'] ++; } int cur = 0, len = 0; bool no = false; while(cur < s.size() && len < k){ bool good = false; for(int i = 0; i < 26; i ++){ if(nexts[cur][i] != -1 && use[i] < r[i]){ use[i] ++; if(calc(nexts[cur][i], len + 1)){ len ++, cur = nexts[cur][i]; ans.push_back(i + 'a'); good = true; break; } use[i] --; } } if(!good){ no = true; break; } } if(no) cout << "-1" << endl; else cout << ans << endl; } return 0;}